As a big agriculture and population province, Anhui is one of the two experimental provinces of nation⁃al new urbanization, and construction core lies in on-site urbanization.the paper makes a historical review of the role of counties in Anhui from the perspective of regional economy and urbanization development, and analyzes its position and function on the three levels of the country, Changjiang River economic belt and Anhui Subregion, the major conclusions are as follows:(1) Counties are the core and key link on the work of national new urbanization in Anhui.(2)Promoting the construction of counties in Anhui is one of the great tasks to carry out the great deci⁃sion of promoting Changjiang River economic belt by the State Council.(3)Counties are the important supporting points of the construction of city agglomeration in Anhui. Finally, it presents countermeasures and suggestion for counties development in Anhui from development modes and planning construction and industry choice and so on.%作为中部地区重要的农业和人口大省,安徽省成为国家首批两个新型城镇化建设试点省之一,建设的核心在于就地就近城镇化。“郡县治,天下安”,县城的作用进而凸显。从区域经济和城镇化发展两个方面对近年来安徽县城发展作用进行历史性回顾,在此基础上,分别从国家、长江经济带以及安徽次区域等三个层面分析了安徽县城的地位与作用,得出以下结论:(1)县城是国家新型城镇化安徽省试点工作的核心关键环节;(2)推动安徽县城建设,是贯彻落实党中央国务院关于推动长江经济带发展重大决策部署的重要任务之一;(3)县城将是安徽省各大板块城市群建设的重要支撑点。最后,从发展模式、规划建设及产业选择等方面对近期、中期和远期安徽县城发展问题提出了对策建议。
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