微波萃取三尖杉种仁油脂的工艺优化及脂肪酸组成分析

摘要

The paper took Cephalotaxus fortunei as raw material.The technology of microwave-assisted extraction of Cephalotaxus fortunei kernel oil was optimized,and fatty acid composition was also analyzed by GC-MS in this paper.The experimental results indicated that the optimal extraction process of Cephalotaxus fortunei kernel oil was as follows:took ethyl acetate as extracting solvent,material-solvent ratio was 1∶25 g/mL,extracting time was 20 min,extracting temperature was 55 ℃,and the extracting rate was up to 58.28％ under the optimized condition and microwave power was 800 W.The main fatty acids of Cephalotaxus fortunei kernel oil were:palmitic acid (C16∶ 0,6.89％),oleic acid (C18∶ 1n-9,48.23％),linoleic acid (C18∶ 2n-6,31.53％) and eicosenoic acid (C20∶ 1n-9,11.34％),and the total amount of unsaturated fatty acids was more than 90％.The kernel oil was classified as a high oleic acid-linoleic acid oil species,which suggested that the kernel oil had high nutritional value and could be developed and utilized as a new oil species.%以三尖杉种仁为原料,采用微波萃取技术对其油脂提取工艺进行优化,并通过气相色谱-质谱法对其脂肪酸组成进行分析.结果表明,三尖杉种仁油脂提取的最佳工艺条件:萃取溶剂为乙酸乙酯,料液比1∶25 g/mL,萃取时间20 min,萃取温度55℃;在此优化条件及微波功率为800 W时,三尖杉种仁油脂的提取率为58.28％.三尖杉种仁油脂的脂肪酸以棕榈酸(C16∶0,6.89％)、油酸(C18∶ 1n-9,48.23％)、亚油酸(C18∶2n-6,31.53％)和二十碳烯酸(C20∶ 1n-9,11.34％)为主,不饱和脂肪酸质量分数高达90％以上,属于高油酸-亚油酸型油脂,这表明三尖杉种仁油脂具有较高的营养价值,可作为植物油料新品种进行开发利用.