城市轨道交通大小交路模式列车开行方案的优化

摘要

列车开行方案是城市轨道交通运输组织的基础.大小交路模式列车开行方案规定各时间段内各交路上开行列车对数.分析大小交路模式乘客出行成本和企业运营成本的计算方法,以乘客出行成本及运输企业运营成本最小化为目标,以列车追踪间隔时间、乘客需求和最大可用车底数量为约束,构建城市轨道交通大小交路模式列车开行方案双目标混合整数非线性规划模型.采用理想点法将原模型转化为单目标模型,借助Lingo11.0求解.通过算例验证模型的合理性,并对折返站和小交路区段客流比重进行成本的灵敏度分析,结果表明:小交路折返站的选取对成本影响显著,且小交路区段客流比重越高,开行大小交路模式越有利于降低运输成本.%The train schedule is the basis of operation organization in urban rail transit.Against the background of the full-length & short-turn operation modes,train schedules of urban rail transit fix the number of train pairs running on every route in every period.In this paper,the methods for calculating passenger travel costs and enterprise operation costs with the full-length & short-turn operation modes were analyzed.The bi-objective nonlinear mixed integer programming model of the full-length & short-turn operation mode train schedules was established for urban rail transit.The objectives of the model were to minimize passenger travel costs and enterprise operation costs,and the constraints of the model were set as the shortest headway time interval of consecutive trains,passenger demand and the maximal available electric multiple units.The ideal point method was introduced to convert the above model into the single objective model and Lingo11.0 was then applied to solve the model.Validity of the model was verified by a numerical example.Sensitivity of cost related factors,such as turn-back stations and passenger flow proportion in short-turn sections,were analyzed.The results show as follows:Selection of short-turn mode turn-back stations affects costs significantly; the higher the passenger flow proportion in the short-turn sections,the more favorable for the full-length & short-turn operation modes to reduce costs.