铁路道岔尖基轨相对运动对轮载转移与分配的影响研究

摘要

The wheel/rail contact characteristics in switch panel of railway turnout were studied based on the spatial relative positions of switch/stock rail and the arrangement of rail foundation.Considering the relative motion of switch/stock rail, the principle and method to calculate the position of wheel load transfer were presented in this paper.The effect of relative motion of switch/stock rail on the wheel load transfer and distribution characteristics of vertical contact force were studied in the case of the Chinese No.12 single turnout.The results showed that the relative motion of switch/stock rail had a great influence on the position and length of wheel load transfer.For example, when the vehicle passed the switch panel in the through route, the range of wheel load transfer was 2.30~2.74 m from the point of switch rail and the length of the wheel load transfer was 0.44 m.Without considering the relative motion of switch/stock rail in this process, the wheel load transfer was completed within the range is 2.62~2.78 m from the point of switch rail and the length of wheel load transfer was 0.16 m.Within the wheel load transfer area, along the longitudinal direction of railway line, the distribution of wheel rail vertical force on the switch or stock rail was nonlinear, relative to the railhead shape, the wheel/rail dynamic interaction and the direction of vehicle passing.%基于铁路道岔尖轨和基本轨的空间相对位置及轨下基础布置方式,研究转辙器部件内轮轨接触的特点,提出考虑尖基轨相对运动的轮载转移位置确定方法,以12号单开道岔为例,研究尖基轨相对运动对轮轨垂向力转移和分配特性的影响.研究表明:尖轨和基本轨相对运动对轮载转移的位置和长度均有较大的影响,以车辆直逆向通过转辙器为例,其轮载转移的范围距尖轨尖端2.30~2.74 m,轮载转移段长度为0.44 m,不考虑尖基轨相对运动时,轮载在距尖轨尖端2.62~2.78 m的区域完成转移,轮载转移段长度为0.16 m;轮载转移区域内,沿线路纵向,轮轨垂向力在尖轨和基本轨上的分配呈非线性的变化规律,其变化规律与钢轨外形、轮轨动力相互作用及车辆过岔方式等因素相关.