Objective: Our purpose was to study the effect of L-arginine (L-Arg) on the kidneys of rats with obstructive jaundice and the underlying mechanism. Methods: Forty male Sprague-Dowley rats, weighting 200 to 230 g, were randomly assigned to four groups (n=10): sham-operation group, control group, L-Arg group, L-NG-nitroarginine methyl (L-NAME) group.Except the sham-operation group,the other groups rendered jaundiced by doubly ligating the common bile duct. Fourteen days later,we administrated L-Arg to L-Arg group,and L-NAME to L-NAME group for 7 days.On the 21st day after bile duct ligation, we measured the amount of nitric oxide (NO), malondrialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the kidneys, and assessed the changes of the renal function.We also observed the morphological changes of the kidneys. Results: In the control group,the amount of NO and MDA increased while that of SOD decreased (P<0.01, P<0.01and P<0.01), and the renal function and the nephric tissue were impaired on the 21st day after bile duct ligation compared with the sham-operation group.In the L-Arg group, the amount of NO and SOD increased significantly (P<0.01, P<0.01), whereas that of MDA decreased (P<0.05), and the damage in the nephric tissue and renal function was alleviated,as compared with the control group.On the contrary, the amount of NO in the L-NAME group decreased significantly (P<0.05) compared with the control group.Although there was no significant difference in the levels of SOD, MDA, and the parameters of the renal function between the L-NAME group and control group,those indexes in the L-NAME group tended to be aggravated. Moreover, the damage in the nephric tissue of the L-NAME group was not alleviated. Conclusion: L-arginine may protect the kidney from impairment in rats with obstructive jaundice through L-Arg-NO pathway.%目的：探讨L-精氨酸（L-Arg）对梗阻性黄疸大鼠肾脏的影响及机制。方法：双重结扎大鼠胆总管造成梗阻性黄疸模型，14 d后，分别给予不同组大鼠L-Arg 500 mg*kg-1*d-1;或L-精氨酸甲酯（L-NAME）10 mg*kg-1*d-1。21 d后，测定肾组织匀浆中一氧化氮(NO)，超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)，丙二醛 (MDA)的含量，以及肾功能改变，并观察肾脏形态学改变。结果：与假手术组相比，胆道梗阻后21 d，对照组肾组织中NO及MDA含量均增高（P<0.01），而SOD水平下降（P<0.01），肾功能及组织结构受损。给予L-Arg组大鼠肾组织中NO含量较对照组增加显著（P<0.01），SOD活性增高（P<0.01），MDA水平降低（P<0.05），肾功能改善，肾脏组织结构损伤减轻。给予L-NAME组大鼠与对照组相比，肾组织NO含量明显降低（P<0.05）；两者SOD活性、MDA水平、肾功能指标虽无统计学差异，但有损害加重趋势，肾脏组织损伤未见减轻。结论：L-Arg可能通过L-Arg-NO通路对梗阻性黄疸大鼠肾脏起保护作用。
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