A flame retardant waterborne polyurethane (PU) was prepared by synthesizing reaction of N,N-bis(2-hydroxymethyl) aminoethyl phosphonic acid dimethyl ester and toluene diisocynate. Then it was smeared on the poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fabric, and the performance of flame retardant, resistance to launder, and thermo-gravimetric of the PU treated fabric were investigated. The residue carbon layer after combustion was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) as well. The results show that the LOI value of the PU treated flame-resistant fabric is enhanced 5.7% compared with that of the base fabric, and the vertical combustibility could achieve GB/T5455-1997 Bl level. The cloth surface is clean after combustion and has good resistance to launder. After combustion, fabric surface forms integrate and smooth carbon layer without holes. The content of P in residue carbon is far more than that in the original flame-resistant fabric, and the P enriched in residue carbon has strong ability of flame retardant. The fast thermal decomposition stage of the PU treated fabric is shortened and the maximum decomposition speed is reduced 32.7% in the TG curve of the PU treated flame-resistant fabric.%以N,N-双(2-羟甲基)氨基乙基膦酸二甲酯与甲苯二异氰酸酯反应合成出磷-氮阻燃水性聚氨酯,应用于涤纶织物上,考察了其阻燃性能、耐水洗性能、热失重等性能,并用扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱仪(EDS)对阻燃处理的涤纶织物燃烧后的炭层进行分析.结果表明；与未阻燃整理的涤纶织物相比,阻燃整理的涤纶织物的极限氧指数(LOI)值提高了5.7％,垂直燃烧性能达到GB/T5455-1997 B1级,燃烧后布面干净,并具有良好的耐水洗性能.涤纶织物燃烧后表面形成致密、光滑、无孔洞的炭层,炭层中磷含量远远超过阻燃织物中原始含量,磷富集于炭层表面.阻燃整理织物的热失重曲线上快速热解阶段缩短,最大分解速率减小了32.7％.
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