先秦诸子著作中“信”的社会语义学分析

摘要

援引先秦诸子五派十四部著作中具有代表性的“信”后，深入分析“信”在诸子典籍中的意义；进行语义学的归纳后，不难发现“信任”与“信用”是两个相互配合的统一概念，信任是信用的目的，信用是信任的前因。在此基础上，对当代的信任研究中只重视信任不重视信用、盲目提倡信任、并将之误认为美德的研究思路提出批评，提倡在未来的信任研究中必须兼顾信任与信用。%We extracted 650 words of“xin”from the 14 books of 5 main pre-qin schools,and made some in-depth analysis of the 22 kinds of meanings in these books.After a social-semantics study,we concluded that the meaning of“trust”and “credit”are the main unified concepts of“xin”,which complement each other:trust is the purpose of credit while the credit is the antecedent of trust. Based on this study ,we criticize the contemporary tendency of paying no attention to credit but trust,and blindly taking trust as a kind of social virtues.What we advocate is that in the future study,we must emphasize trust and credit at the same time.