醋糟混配基质对水果型黄瓜生长和产量的影响

摘要

In order to reduce the pollution of organic solid waste and lower the production cost of soilless cultivation substrate, this test studied the effects of physical and chemical properties of vinegar residue mixed substrates on the growth and yield of mini-cucumber cultivar Delstar, and the mixed substrates were made by vinegar residue fermentation substrates from vinegar factory which were mixed with vermiculite and peat according to the different proportions. The results showed that, by adding a certain amount of vermiculite and peat into vinegar residue, various physical and chemical parameters of mixed substrates achieved the basic requirements of ideal soilless cultivation substrate. Compared to the control (peat:vermiculite=2:1), the mini-cucumber plants grew well on vinegar residue mixed substrates with better fruit characters, yield and other comprehensive characters, and the treatment 60% vinegar residue+10% vermiculite+30%peat (V/V) performed best, therefore, the substrate formula could replace the compound substrate of peat and vermiculite as a soilless cultivation substrate of mini-cucumber.%　　为减少有机固体废弃物的污染以及降低无土栽培基质生产成本，以醋厂残渣醋糟发酵基质为主，按照不同比例混配蛭石和草炭，形成醋糟复合栽培基质，研究其理化性质和对水果型黄瓜戴多星生长和产量的影响。研究结果表明，醋糟基质中添加一定量的蛭石和草炭，基质的各项理化指标均能够达到无土栽培理想基质的基本要求，用其栽培的水果型黄瓜植株生长良好，果实性状、产量等综合表现优于对照处理（草炭∶蛭石=2∶1），其中以60%醋糟+10%蛭石+30%草炭（体积比）混配的基质栽培效果较好，可替代草炭、蛭石复合基质作为水果型黄瓜的无土栽培基质。