晚清民国时期是景德镇陶瓷发展史上的重要时期。在经历了康雍乾三朝的鼎盛繁荣后，景德镇瓷业在这一时期开始走向衰退。瓷业的兴衰与其成长环境息息相关，本文围绕《景德镇新安书院契录》，结合其它资料，从社会管理方面考察这一重要过渡时期景德镇的瓷业环境，得出以下结论：%The period from the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China is an important transition in the history of ceramic industry in Jingdezhen, which witnessed the decline of the ceramic industry in Jingdezhen after the heyday of Qing Dynasty from Kangxi’s to Qianlong’s reign. This paper investigated the circumstances relevant to the development of Jingdezhen ceramic industry during this period on the respect of social management. The following conclusions are drawn in the investigation based on Transcripts of Contracts Held by Xin’an Academy in Jingdezhen (hereinafter referred to as Transcripts of Contracts) and other relevant materials. 1. The system of realty right of preemption for kinship and neighborhood was still in wide application according to Transcripts of Contracts though it had been explicitly abolished in state laws of Qing Dynasty. The key lies in the fact that the system, as a kind of folk law, could make up the deifciency of state laws with its lfexibility, thus it often played a vital role in civil society. Likewise, the professional etiquette in ceramic industry in Jingdezhen, which was also of a folk law, contributed much to the regulation of the porcelain making and local society order. 2. It was shown in Transcripts of Contracts that a middleman was indispensable in civil transactions of houses and lands, the reason for which was that the two-lateral administration system in the traditional Chinese society empowered both government and some nongovernment organizations. As the most powerful nongovernment organizations in Jingdezhen of that time, trade associations and Chamber of Commerce took control of porcelain making and even participated in political, economic and social affairs. Trade associations and Chamber of Commerce regulated the porcelain making and maintained social order with professional etiquette.
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