有标选择复句语义关系之辨察

摘要

This paper discusses the semantic relations of the marked selective compound sentences. On one hand, former-echo clauses and back-response clauses share semantic common features, therefore, they show some relativity, similarity and symmetry in syntactic structure;on the other hand, there are also some differences between the two parts although they belong to the same system. A former-echo clause and a back-response clause should have at least one different point, or the selective relationship can hardly be formed. Furthermore, there are three types of compound semantic relationships, namely, they are “selective+hypothetical type”, “selective+hypothetical negative transitional type”and“selective+hypothetical negative transitional+deduction type”.%　　有标选择复句的语义关系特征为：一方面，前呼句跟后应句之间的同一性决定了它们之间的共性特征，表现在句法上就是结构的相关性乃至相似性、对称性。另一方面，同一系统中的各个元素，不仅存在同一性，而且存在着差异性。表现在语义上就是有标选择复句的前呼句跟后应句至少有一个语义点不同，否则很难构成选择关系。此外，有标选择复句还存在三类复合型语义关系，即“选择+假设”“选择+假转”和“选择+假转+推断”。