迈尔的生物学自主性思想述评

摘要

Mayr had discussed the exact meaning the autonomy of biology and held that biology is independent of physics. Mayr criticized many errors such as naturalism、reductionism and determinism of the physicalism and tried to establish autonomy of biology, and proposed to expand the scientific basis for scientific unity. Biological autonomy origins from the conflict of the mechanical theory and dynamic theory .The spiritual essence of Mayr’s thought is the whole-organism biology.%迈尔讨论了生物学自主性的确切内涵，提出生物学是独立于物理学的学科。生物学自主性的渊源是机械论与活力论之间的冲突和争论。通过批评物理主义的本质论、还原论和决定论等错误，迈尔确立了生物学自主论，主张要扩大科学统一的基础。迈尔思想的精神实质是生物学整体论。