To treat wastewater containing high-mass concentration perchlorate (ClO4−), heterotrophic and perchlorate-reducing bacteria were obtained by acclimating anaerobic activated sludge grown on high-mass concentration perchlorate (1 500 mg/L) feed medium. Batch experiments were conducted to investigate the kinetics of biological high-mass concentration perchlorate reduction and the effect of initial perchlorate mass concentrations (50−1 500 mg/L), acetate mass concentrations (1.69~11.83 g/L), pH (5.55−9.00), temperature (15−40 ℃), common coexistence SO42−(0−26.0 g/L) and NO3− (0−3.9 g/L) on perchlorate reduction. The results show that the maximum specific perchlorate reduction rate (qmax) and half saturation constant (Ks) are 0.89 (mg·mg)/h and 141.6 mg/L, respectively, which indicates that the cultures enriched are effective at treating high-strength perchlorate wastewater. Under the selected conditions, namely 6.5 g/L acetate (the mass concentration ratio of CH3COONa to ClO4−is 6), initial pH 6.85 and 35 ℃, 1 300 mg/L perchlorate can be rapidly reduced to non-detectable levels within 24 h. Both common coexistence SO42−and NO3−can inhibit the rate and extent of perchlorate reduction, especially NO3−. The dominant perchlorate reducing bacteria in the consortium is Dechloromonas sp. (69.32%).%在高质量浓度高氯酸盐ClO4−(1500 mg/L)的条件下，驯化得到能够处理高质量浓度ClO4−废水的异养厌氧高氯酸盐还原菌群。通过摇床实验，用控制变量法探究初始ClO4−质量浓度(0~1500 mg/L)、乙酸钠质量浓度(0~11.83 g/L)、pH(5.55~9.00)、温度(15~40℃)、共存离子SO42−质量浓度(0~26.0 g/L)和NO3−质量浓度(0~3.9 g/L)对高质量浓度ClO4−生物还原性能的影响，确定最佳的反应条件。结果表明：最大比去除速率qmax和半饱和常数Ks分别为0.89(mg·mg)/h和141.6 mg/L，驯化的高氯酸盐还原菌群具有处理高质量浓度ClO4−的潜力；在初始ClO4−质量浓度为1300 mg/L时，乙酸钠的最佳投加量、最适pH和最适温度分别为6.5 g/L，35℃和6.85，常见共存离子SO42−和NO3−都会不同程度的抑制ClO4−的还原，且NO3−对ClO4−还原的抑制作用远高于SO42−。驯化污泥中， Dechloromonas sp.是ClO4−还原微生物的优势种属，占总菌的69.32%。
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