大气污染与长沙市某儿童医院肺炎住院人数的关联性

摘要

Objective:To explore the relationship between air pollution and the number of pneumonia hospitalization in a children's hospital in Changsha.Methods:Children who have been in this hospital for the treatment of pneumonia between December 2013 and December 2015 were enrolled in this study.Based on daily meteorological data and air pollution data from December 2013 to December 2015 in Changsha,we constructed a generalized additive model to analyze the relationship between air pollution and the number of pneumonia hospitalization.Results:During the research,the average concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 exceeded the Grade Ⅱ national standards for air quality.The average concentration of SO2 exceeded the Grade Ⅰ national standards.The change of all the 3 main air pollution indexes showed strong statistical relationship with the change of the number of pneumonia hospitalization (P＜0.05),among which,the impact of SO2 ranked number 1,followed by PM2.5 and PM10.Effect of atmospheric pollution on the number of pneumonia boys was basically same as that in the total pneumonia children (P＜0.05).The effect on girls showed no statistical relationship in both models (P＞0.05).Conclusion:The concentrations of SO2'PM2.5 and PM10 are positively correlated with pneumonia hospitalization number of children,and their effect on boys is more obvious than that in the girls.%目的:探讨大气污染与长沙市某儿童医院肺炎住院人数的关联性.方法:以长沙市某儿童医院2013年12月至2015年12月因肺炎住院者为研究对象,结合长沙市区2013年12月至2015年12月逐日气象数据及大气污染数据,利用时间序列的广义相加Poisson回归模型,探讨长沙市区大气污染与该儿童医院肺炎住院人数的关联性.结果:研究期间长沙市大气污染各指标中,PM2.5,PM10浓度均超出国家空气质量二级标准,SO2浓度超出国家一级标准;PM2.5,PM10,SO23种污染物浓度的改变与儿童肺炎住院人数改变的关联均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中SO2影响最大,PM2.5,PM10次之.大气污染对男童肺炎住院人数的影响与对总住院人数的影响基本一致(P＜0.05),对女童住院人数的影响在各模型中均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:SO2,PM25及PM10浓度与该儿童医院肺炎住院人数呈正相关,且对男童的影响较女童大.