基于驾驶员心生理反应的交叉口车辆减速特性

摘要

To improve the safety of the highway intersection, the relationship between the vehicle deceleration characteristics at the intersection and the driver′s psychological and physiological changes was explored. The driver′s psychological and physiological changes and the vehicle speed and other parameters at the intersection were obtained through field testing. Based on engineering, psychology and other methodological theories, the deceleration characteristics of the vehicle at the intersection and the psychological and physiological response of the driver were studied. The relationship between the maximum deceleration of the vehicle and the growth rate of the driver′s heart rate and the relationship between the pupil size and the maximum deceleration of the driver were established by analyzing the heart rate and the change of the pupil size and the physiological law of the heart. According to the growth rate of heart rate, the size of pupil and the maximum deceleration, the risk level of the intersection was obtained. The changes of heart rate and pupil size with maximum deceleration were analyzed under different risk levels, and this can provide the theoretical basis for the follow-up management and control measures at the intersection.%为提高公路交叉口的安全性,探究在交叉口处车辆的减速行为与驾驶员心生理特征之间的关系,通过实地检测驾驶员在交叉口的心生理反应、车辆运行速度等参数,以人因工程学、心理学等为基础,对交叉口处车辆的减速特性和驾驶员的心生理反应进行研究. 分析驾驶员在交叉口行车时的心率、瞳孔尺寸变化及其反应出的心生理规律,建立车辆最大减速度与驾驶员心率增长率的关系模型和驾驶员的瞳孔尺寸与最大减速度的关系模型;依据心率增长率、瞳孔尺寸和最大减速度得到车辆通过交叉口危险程度等级;分析不同危险等级下的心率增长率和瞳孔尺寸随最大减速度变化的情况,为交叉口的后续管控措施提供理论依据.