中国地方财政支出变化对环境污染影响的研究

摘要

Scientifically planning local fiscal expenditures to cope with the current severe ecological environment is an inevitable requirement for promoting ecological civilization construction and high-quality development.Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2007 to 2015, three different types of environmental pollution ( industrial solid waste pollution, industrial wastewater pollution, industrial sulfur dioxide pollution ) were selected as explanatory variables.According to whether the spatial correlation of pollutants was significant or not, spatial econometric models and common panel ones are used to estimate the impact of fiscal expenditure structure and scale changes on different types of environmental pollution.The results show that: firstly, industrial solid waste pollution and industrial wastewater pollution have a strong spatial positive correlation, showing local club characteristics;secondly, the impact of local fiscal expenditure changes on environmental pollution is heterogeneous. Optimizing local fiscal expenditure structure can reduce industrial wastewater pollution and industrial sulfur dioxide pollution, while the increase in local fiscal expenditures has significantly increased industrial solid waste pollution; finally, local fiscal expenditure changes have positive spatial spillover effects on environmental pollution in adjacent areas, indicating that local governments sacrifice environmental quality of the surrounding area in its development process.%基于中国30个省份2007—2015年的面板数据,选取工业固体废物污染、工业废水污染、工业二氧化硫污染等三种不同类型环境污染,分别采用空间计量模型和普通面板回归模型,对地方财政支出结构和规模变化对不同类型环境污染的影响进行了评估.研究结果表明:工业固体废物污染和工业废水污染具有较强空间正相关性,呈现出局部"俱乐部"特征;地方财政支出变化对环境污染的影响具有异质性,优化地方财政支出结构能降低工业废水污染和工业二氧化硫污染,而地方财政支出规模上升则加剧了工业固体废物污染;地方财政支出变化对相邻地区环境污染具有正向空间溢出影响,表明地方政府的同时,是以牺牲周围地区环境质量为代价在促进自身社会经济发展.