北京市轨道交通网络化发展问题及对策研究--基于职住分离的背景

摘要

轨道交通网络化发展对北京职住分离的改善及城市空间结构向多中心转变具有重要意义。当前北京轨道交通网络功能层级缺失，尚未适应现有职住空间格局；覆盖范围有限、空间形态不合理，无法有效引导城市空间结构优化；市郊线路规划为非贯穿式放射形态，远期将加剧职住空间失配；融资结构单一，无法支撑未来大规模网络化建设。因此，应完善轨道交通网络功能层级、基于远景规划审慎扩大网络范围、优化市郊线路空间布局、加强新城局域级网络及综合枢纽建设、实现多层次融资体系构建及物业联合开发。%Developing urban rail transit network has great significance for solving the problems of workplace-residence separation and optimizing urban spatial structure in Beij ing.At present,Beij ing rail transit network has several disadvantages.First,it fails to adapt to the separation of citizens' workplace and residence.Second,the coverage of the current transit network is small and the spatial allocation irrational.As a result,the network is ineffective in optimizing the urban spatial structure. Third,the suburban lines in plan are non-penetrating and will worsen the workplace-residence separa-tion problems in the long run.Fourth,the financing source of the rail transit is undiversified and una-ble to support the development of urban rail transit network in the future.To solve these problems, this article argues that measures must to be taken from several perspectives.First,the network struc-ture should be improved;second,the coverage of the network shall be expanded with discretion and long-term planning;third,the spatial layout of suburban lines in the planning ought to be optimized;fourth,the construction of the network and the comprehensive transportation hub in the suburb shall be strengthened;fifth,a multi-level investment and financing mode should be established and the net-work should be developed in association with the property companies.