氢氧化钠溶液处理对竹粉-PHBV复合材料物理力学性能的影响

摘要

采用0.3 mol· L-1的氢氧化钠溶液处理竹粉,将处理过的竹粉和可降解塑料PHBV共混,经混炼制得竹粉-PHBV复合材料,研究了不同处理时间对竹粉-PHBV复合材料物理力学性能的影响.结果表明:氢氧化钠溶液处理后,SEM显示粉纤维表面变得光滑,纵向呈现明显凹槽;FTIR图谱显示竹粉纤维素中羟基(-OH)和羰基(-COOH)基团明显减少,发生了取代反应;竹粉-PHBV复合材料的物理力学性能(拉升强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度)随着处理时间的增长均呈现先增大后减小的趋势.本实验中,氢氧化钠溶液处理2 h,竹粉-PHBV复合材料的拉伸性能、弯曲性能和冲击性能最佳,分别为23.85 MPa,45.21 MPa和7.69 kJ· m-2.%The bamboo powder(BP)was treated by 0.30 mol/L NaOH solution, then added in PHBV.After melt-mixing, the BP/PHBV eco-composites were prepared through thermo-compression.The physical and mechanical properties of the BP/PHBV eco-composites with different treatment time were studied.The results showed that after NaOH solution treatment, the surface of bamboo powder fibre became smooth, and there appeared obvious longitudinal grooves under the SEM.The FTIR spectrum showed that the hydroxyl(-OH)and carbonyl (-COOH)groups in the bamboo powder cellulose decreased obviously, and the substitution reaction occurred.The physical and mechanical properties of the BP/PHBV eco-composites, including tensile, bending and impact strength, first increased and then decreased with increasing treatment time.The physical and mechanical properties of BP/PHBV eco-composites showed a good performance after 2 hours of NaOH solution treatment,being 23.85 MPa,45.21 MPa and 7.69 MPa respectively.