汽车空气悬架研究进展:零部件与系统

摘要

This paper reviews the developing history and advances in key components and the systems of automotive air suspension. Advanced technologies and researches in air spring, hydraulic damper or spring/damper strut, conventional air suspension, electronically controlled air suspension (ECAS) and air suspension for cabin and seat are introduced and analyzed in detail. The current core problems, technical obstacles in the development of the Chinese automotive air suspension are summarized, and the suggestion is proposed for current and future researches and development in this field, which includes the following aspects: The efforts to develop and use complex air springs with auxiliary chamber or internally-integrated height control valve need to be strengthened to improve the performance of anti in service fatigue; The efforts to develop active hydraulic dampers and active spring/damper modules need to be strengthened so that the independent product categories and standards are established as soon as possible to promote mass production and application; The independent development of air suspension should be persisted to gather experience with innovation and to cut the cost of time and money effectively; For ECAS technology, beside strengthening the efforts to develop key components and to improve vehicle dynamics control performance, the ability of fast designing and matching ECAS for different vehicles should be improved, and the accumulation of the fault modes and the diagnose experience also should be strengthen in components and system so that the reliability and safety of ECAS under complex in service situations can be improved.%回顾了汽车空气悬架发展的历史,对汽车空气悬架核心零部件和系统的先进技术和研究进展进行了综述,包括空气弹簧、液压减振器或集成式液压减振支柱、常规空气悬架、电子控制空气悬架(ECAS)、驾驶室和座椅空气悬架.分析了中国汽车空气悬架从关键零部件到系统研发过程中,尚存在的主要问题和技术难点,并对后续产品的发展方向、技术研发提出了建议:提高空气弹簧的服役疲劳特性,加大带附加气室、内置高度控制阀等复杂产品的研制和应用力度;加大电控液压减振器/减振支柱的研制力度,尽早形成自主产品目录和标准,促进进入批量生产与应用;坚持空气悬架系统的自主研制,积累研发经验和创新,有效降低时间价格成本;ECAS技术除了要加强关键零部件的研制、车辆动力学控制技术性能的提升之外,还要形成针对不同车型的快速设计和匹配能力,加强零部件与系统故障模式、诊断经验的积累,增强ECAS在各种复杂服役条件下的可靠性与安全性.