During satellite orbit maneuver, the orbit control force causes disturbing torque and affects attitude of a satellite if the control force does not pass through the mass center of the satellite. In this paper, a set of reduced order nonlinear unknown input observers (RO-NUIO) are designed to detect and isolate faults. During the design process, the system is divided into three sub-systems to ensure that some states are not affected by the disturbance. Observers are designed by using the observable information. Meanwhile, some parameters of the observers can be obtained by using the LMI approach to reduce effects of nonlinear part on observers. The existence conditions of the observer proposed in this paper only depend on the inherent feature of the system. Combination of the reduced order idea and the LMI method make the structure of observers easy to be applied to nonlinear satellite attitude control systems. Numerical simulation is carried out to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed fault diagnosis scheme for satellite attitude control systems.%卫星轨控期间,由于推力偏心,会产生较大的干扰力矩,直接影响卫星姿态.针对轨道控制期间的挠性卫星姿态控制系统,设计了干扰解耦的降阶非线性未知输入观测器(RO-NUIO),用于故障检测与故障隔离.在设计过程中,首先通过坐标变换,使得不可观的状态及部分可观状态不受干扰影响,然后针对不可观的子系统利用可观状态的信息设计观测器,观测器中的部分参数利用LMI方法获得,可以弱化非线性部分对观测器的影响.所设计观测器的存在条件仅依赖于系统本身特性,无需在线验证.观测器采用降阶设计,同时借助LMI思想,结构简单,适合于非线性卫星姿态控制系统.仿真结果验证了降阶非线性未知输入观测器实现卫星姿态控制故障诊断的可行性与有效性.
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