Localization technique for space debris impacted typical spacecraft protection structure with PVDF sensors is studied in theory and test. The structure types including aluminum plate, curved aluminum plate and Whipple shield are studied to verify the applicability of this localization technique. The localization method based on hyperbola theory is investigated. The hyperbola localization theory is validated by the test of air rifle and hypervelocity ballistic range. The velocity range of the projectile is from 100m/s to 3km/s. The structure types investigated are aluminum plate with thickness of 2mm and Whipple shield with 10cm distance between front and rear wall with thickness of 1mm. Analysis shows that the localization technique based on PVDF sensor in this study is proved to be applicable to detect the position of typical spacecraft protection structure impacted by space debris.%从理论和实验两个方面开展了基于PVDF(Polyvinylidene Fluoride)压电薄膜敏感器的空间碎片撞击航天器感知定位技术研究,分析了基于双曲线理论的定位方法,并在理论分析的基础上,利用气枪和超高速弹道靶分别开展了平面铝板、曲面铝板等单层结构和Whipple结构下的验证实验.弹丸速度范围100m/s-3km/s,实验靶材为2mm厚的单层铝板和铝板厚为1mm、前后间距为10cm的Whipple结构,靶材上安装了4个PVDF传感器.研究结果表明:基于PVDF传感器的感知定位技术可实现空间碎片撞击航天器的位置定位,是一种可应用于航天器在轨感知空间碎片撞击系统的可选技术.
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