一种用于垂直降落重复使用运载器的缓冲器性能分析

摘要

Based on a new type of oil-honeycomb multistage damper,a soft-landing dynamic model is established for a vertical landing reusable launch vehicle with four symmetrically-distributed struts.This dynamic model takes account of the ground elasticoplastic deformation.Five kinds of critical landing working conditions are proposed,and coordinated analysis of the oil-honeycomb multistage damping parameters on the foundation of the first four conditions is carried out.After that, the effects of damping parameters on the landing stability on the basis of the turnover limit working conditions are studied. The research shows that the hydraulic damping parameters including orifice size,piston rod diameter and preload of the orifice valve’s spring exert a great influence on the honeycomb crushing load,and a balanced combination of previous four parameters can boost vehicle’s landing stability drastically.%以对称分布四腿支柱式垂直降落重复使用运载器为研究对象，基于一种新型油液－蜂窝式多级缓冲器，建立了计及地面弹塑性变形的运载器软着陆过程动力学模型，并给出了运载器着陆时的五种临界着陆工况。以前四种着陆工况为基础对多级缓冲器进行了缓冲参数协调分析，在此基础上以翻倒极限着陆工况为基础重点研究了多级缓冲器缓冲参数对着陆稳定性能的影响。研究表明多级缓冲器中油孔面积、活塞杆直径和阻尼阀调节弹簧预紧力等油液缓冲参数对蜂窝压溃载荷的选取有着显著影响，同时以上参数的合理选择可以有效增加运载器的着陆稳定性能。