[目的]研究丁基多苷合成的影响因素,探讨其合成动力学.[方法]在转糖苷化法合成烷基多苷的过程中,以对甲苯磺酸和硬脂酸为复合催化剂,采用反应与精馏耦合的工艺.制备中间产物丁基多苷.[结果]合成丁基多苷适宜的工艺条件为:催化剂用量为1.2 g(对甲基苯磺酸和硬脂酸的复配比为6:1)、反应温度为110℃、醇糖比为8:1.结果表明,醇糖摩尔比越大,丁基单苷含量越多,丁基糖苷的聚合度越小.而催化剂用量和反应温度对丁基多苷的组成影响不大,随着催化剂用量的增加或反应温度的提高,反应时间明显缩短;得出合成丁基糖苷合成的动力学方程:-dC/dr=0.163 7exp(-1.968×10/RT)C-0.003 49exp(-2.727×10/RT)C.[结论]该研究得出的丁基多苷制备的适宜条件及其合成动力学方程可为长链烷基多苷的合成提供理论基础.%[ Objective ]The paper was to study the factors influencing the synthesis of butyl polyglycosides and its synthesis kinetics. [Melhod] In the synthesis process of alkyl polyglycosides by transglycosidation method,p-toluenesulfonic arid and stearie scid were used as composite catalyst,intermediate product butyl polyglycosides were prepared via reactive distillation technology. [Result] The suitable preparation condition of bulyl polyglycosides was showed as follows: catalyst usage was 1.2 g(p-toluensulfoni∶stearic acid=6∶1),reaction tempreture was 110 ℃,the ratio of butanol and glucose was 8∶1. The results showed that the larger the molar ratio of butand and glueose was,the more the bulyl monoside counted was, and the less the polymerization degree of butyl glycosides was. The catalyst usage and reaction temperature had little influence on the composition of butyl polygycosides. With the increase of catalyst usage or reaction temperature,the reaction time was decreased dramatically. The kinetic equation for the synthesis of butyl glucoside was finally obatained as follows: -dCA/dt = 0.163 7exp( - 1.968 × l03/RT) CA - O.OCG 49exp( -2.727 × lO3/RT) C∑.[ Conclusion ] The suitable condition for the preparation of butyl polyglyosides and its synthesis kinetic equation in the study could provide theoretical basis for the synthesis of long-chain alkyl polyglycosides.
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