运用鱼刺图,从制度层面、社会支持网络、失地农民自身以及经济层面4个方面剖析了失地农民生活能力现状及其原因.结果表明,不合理的征地补偿、失地农民社会保障的缺失和城市对失地农民的就业排斥是制度原因;失地农民的社会支持网络规模小、异质性低是社会支持网络原因;市民意愿低、角色转换困难、文化素质低是其自身原因;期望收益低、生活成本高是其经济层面的原因.基于上述分析,构建了提高失地农民城市生活能力的对策思路:一是完善土地征用制度;二是建立多层次的社会养老保障体系;三是完善失地农民培训与就业机制;四是提高失地农民培训与就与机制;四是提高失地农民自身素质.%Fishbone chart is used to analyze the status of the living ability of land-lost farmers and its causation from the aspects of system level, social support network, land-lost farmer themselves, and economic level. Result shows that the system level includes the unreasonable land compensation, the lack of social security for land-lost farmers, and the employment exclusion of land-lost farmers. Small scale and low heterogeneity are the causations for social support network. Low willingness to become citizens, low cultural quality and hard role change are the selfreasons of land-lost farmers. The low expected return and high living cost are the causations for economic level. Based on the above analysis,countermeasures to improve the urban-living ability of land-lost farmers are put forward, such as improving the land expropriation system, establishing a multi-level social security system, enhaneing the training.and employment mechanism of land-lost farmers, and improving the quality of land-lost farmers.
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