个体理性行为的集体非理性表现--耕地撂荒的经济学分析

摘要

Cost-benefit analysis and system analysis method in economics were adopted.According to the phenomenon of contradiction between land resources scarcity and a large number of abandoned land at present stage, we discussed the economic causes for abandoned land.Results showed that abandoned cultivated land was a collective irrational performance caused by individual rational behavior.Different objective functions between farmers and local government led to the different behavior results—seeking to maximize their own benefit.Therefore, the basic solution to solve the problem of abandoned cultivated land was to take into account the profits of various interest groups.%运用经济学中的成本效益分析法及制度分析法，针对现阶段土地资源的稀缺与大量闲置撂荒的矛盾现象，探究导致撂荒现象的经济学原因。结果表明：耕地撂荒是个体理性行为导致的集体的非理性现象，是由于农民与地方政府各自不同的目标函数导致行为结果的不同———追求各自的利益最大化。因此解决耕地撂荒问题的根本措施是兼顾各利益阶层利益。