济南市城市绿地生态需水量估算

摘要

Based on the water resources allocation,the ecological water requirement of urban green space in Jinan City was estimated and analyzed.The total annual requirement and temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of urban green land ecological water requirement represented by the three vegetation types of forest,shrub and grass in 2012 were revealed.The results showed that the ecological water demand of green land ecosystem in Jinan City was estimated to be about 247 527.67 m3,taking into account the four aspects of plant evapotranspiration water requirement,growth water requirement,soil water requirement and effective utilization of precipitation.Due to the difference of the natural conditions in the city,the ecological water demand of municipal district and Zhangqiu green land was relatively large,and Shanghe was the smallest.The ecological water demand of urban green space has obvious seasonal variation characteristics,and the water demand was larger in spring and summer and least in winter.%从水资源配置角度对济南市城市绿地生态需水量进行了估算研究与分析,揭示了2012年济南市以乔、灌、草3种植被类型为代表的城市绿地生态需水量的年内总需求量及时空分布特征.结果表明,综合考虑植物蒸发需水量、生长需水量、土壤需水量及有效利用降水量4个方面,估算出济南市绿地生态系统生态需水量约247 527.67 m3;受市内区域自然状况差异影响,市辖区及章丘市绿地生态需水量较大,商河县最小;城市绿地生态需水量具有明显季节性变化特征,春夏季需水量较大,冬季最少.