常温下乙酰化小麦秸秆纤维制备高效溢油吸附剂的研究

摘要

[Objective]The aim was to study the preparation of an efficient oil-spill adsorbent by acetylating wheat straw cellulose at room tem-perature.[Method]Acetylation of cellulose extracted from raw wheat straw,using succinic anhydride as acetylating reagent without additional cat-alysts in dimethyl sulfoxide/N-methylimidazole(DMSO/NMI)at room temperature was used to prepare an efficient oil-spill adsorbent.[Result] Under the acetylation conditions of room temperature,reaction time 1 h,and the ratio of succinic anhydride 4:1,the oil-spill adsorbent with high adsorption capacity,good buoyancy,good recyclability and biodegradability was successfully prepared.Chemical composition and morphologic structure of raw wheat straw before and after acetylation were investigated and compared using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,scanning e-lectron microscopy and X-ray diffraction.[Conclusion]In this study,the acetylation of wheat straw cellulose was carried out at room temperature without additional catalysts,and the good performance oil-absorbing materials were prepared,which had a good application prospect in oil-spill treatment.%[目的]研究常温下乙酰化小麦秸秆纤维制备高效溢油吸附材料.[方法]在常温、不加催化剂条件下,以小麦秸秆纤维为原料,利用琥珀酸酐为酰化剂,在二甲基亚砜(DMSO)和N-甲基咪唑(NMI)体系中进行乙酰化反应,制备高效溢油吸附剂.[结果]在常温、反应时间1h、琥珀酸酐用量比4:1的乙酰化反应条件下,成功制备出高吸油倍率、良好悬浮性、较好重复利用性和可生物降解的溢油吸附材料,并用红外光谱(FTIR)、X-射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)对改性前后小麦秸秆纤维的化学组成和形貌特征进行表征.[结论]该研究实现了常温、不加催化剂的条件下,对小麦秸秆纤维进行乙酰化反应,制备出性能良好的吸油材料,在溢油处理中具有很好的应用前景.