皱纹盘鲍（Haliotis discus hannai Ino）数量性状的相关性与通径分析

摘要

In order to research the correlations among quantitative traits and the correlations between different traits and body weight, soft part weight, 161 three to four-year old Haliotis discus hannai Ino were collected. The quantitative traits of shell length (SL), shell width (Sw), shell height (SH), foot weight (FW), soft part weight (MW) and body weight (BW) were measured. After calculating the correlation coefficients, effects of different traits to soft part weight and body weight were analyzed by determination coefficient analysis and path coefficient analysis. The results showed that the correlation coefficients between every two traits reached significant differences (P<0.01);soft part weight was main influence factors on the body weight among the six quantitative traits (shell length, shell width, shell height, shell weight, foot weight and soft part weight);In body measurement traits (shell length, shell width, shell height), shell length weighted most with the body weight;Body weight had determinacy and predominant direct effect on soft part weight among the body measurement traits and body weight. Three multiple regression equations were established, excluding insignificant variables and using the method of stepwise regression. Six quantitative traits against body weight: BWp=-10.343+0.255SL+0.696SW+0.951MW; Body measurement traits against body weight: BWb=-69.930+1.427SL+0.728SH; Body measurement traits and body weight against soft part weight: MB=4.430+0.798BW-0.174Sw. The results provided theoretical bases for protecting germplasm resources and selective breeding in Haliotis discushannaiIno.%为研究皱纹盘鲍各数量性状间的相关性及不同性状对体质量、软体部质量的影响，随机选取161只同一批次3~4龄的皱纹盘鲍，测量其壳长(SL)、壳宽(Sw)、壳厚(SH)、壳质量(SW)、足质量(FW)、软体部质量(MW)和体质量(BW)。计算性状间的相关系数，采用通径分析法计算不同性状对体质量、软体部质量的通径系数和决定系数，定量分析这些性状分别对体质量、软体部质量的影响效应。结果表明：所测各性状与体质量和软体部质量之间的相关系数均达到极显著水平(P<0.01)；在6个数量性状（壳长、壳宽、壳厚、壳质量、软体部质量、足质量）中软体部质量是影响体质量的主要因素；在体尺性状（壳长、壳宽、壳厚）中壳长对体质量影响最大；在体尺性状和体质量对软体部质量的影响中，体质量起主要作用。去除通径系数检验不显著的性状，利用逐步回归的方法，建立了6个数量性状对体质量的回归方程：BWq=-10.343+0.255SL+0.696SW+0.951MW；体尺性状对体质量的回归方程：BWb=-69.930+1.427SL+0.728SH；体尺性状和体质量对软体部质量的回归方程：MB=4.430+0.798BW-0.174Sw。研究结果为皱纹盘鲍的种质资源保护和选育工作提供一定的理论依据。