拉康之镜像阶段理论与其提供的视觉涵义

摘要

拉康的镜像阶段意味着主体建立的时刻及之后的不断重建。镜像阶段的观念与其主体结构论存在直接关系，体现出了拉康主体特有的结构模式。镜像阶段指证了主体由实在界的欠缺到象征符号的整体显现这一基本局面的形成路途，也构造了主体确认的精神仪式的原型。拉康在研究镜像时，把焦点凝聚在想象界上。另一方面，拉康向我们提示了主体存在的视觉基点：世界的可见性被规定出来。他指明语言关系移位的全部进程在很大程度上依赖于视觉感官。而镜像阶段的视觉涵义与其观看的机制，已被广泛移植至绘画、摄影、电影与幻想的神话等。人要重构自我主体都须设立一个镜像，视觉的、语言的、梦境与幻念的不一而足，但首先是视觉的。%Lacan＇s mirror stage, which denotes the establishment of the subject and its continuous reconstructions thereafter, has a direct relationship with the structure of the subject and reflects the peculiar structural mode of the Lacanian subject. It points out the route from the subject＇s vulnerability in the real world to the integral manifestation of the symbol and con- structs a prototype for the spiritual rite of subject confirmation. In his study of the mirror image, Lacan focuses on the imagi- nary order. On the other hand, he shows us the visual basis of the existence of the subject： the visibility of the world is de- limited. He points out that the whole process in which linguistic relations shift depends, to a great extent, on visual percep- tions. However, the visual significance of the mirror stage and its mechanism of seeing have been widely transplanted in are- as such as painting, photography, movies and illusionary myths. In order to reconstitute the ego, one must establish a mirror image, be it visual, linguistic, dreamy or illusory, but visual first and last.