自然美特性系统

摘要

According to Cai Yi and Allen Carlson＇s principles on the objectivity of aesthetic judgments about nature, natural aesthetic appreciation should focus on natural objects and their phenomenal characteristics. The characteristic system of natural objects should include four aspects ： 1 ） phase, the physical representation of natural objects and phenomena, 2） character, the characteristics which determines the internal nature of natural objects, 3） power, the internal mechanism and function which determines a given object＇s existence and evolution with the collaboration of its various elements and characteristics, and 4） history, the generation, growth and evolution of a specific life form of natural objects on the earth, or their unique history. These four aspects can develop an more improved characteristic system of nature, which is from exterior to interior, and dynamic and static integrated. Such a theoretical system accords with the principle of natural aesthetic objectivity and can provide the concrete contents for natural aesthetic appreciation, which also can lay the foundation for natural aesthetics.%根据蔡仪与艾伦·卡尔松的自然审美客观性原则，自然审美欣赏应当是对于自然对象、现象自身特性的欣赏。自然对象特性系统应当由以下四个方面构成：一日物相，即自然对象、现象的外在感性表象；二日物性，即决定一对象为该对象的内在本质特性；三日物功，即特定对象诸要素、特性相互合作，共同服务于该对象之正常生存和发展的内在机理、功能；四日物史，即特定物种自然对象在地球生命史上的产生、持存和进化史，或独特命运史。上述四者构成一由外到内、动静结合，较完善的自然特性系统。这一自然特性理论系统符合了自然审美客观性原则，阐释了自然审美欣赏的具体内容，为自然美学奠定了扎实基础。