氯酸钾制备氧气的实验探究

摘要

氧气是一种无色无味的气体,在中学化学实验中,通常由氯酸钾制备的氧气会有强烈刺激性气味且伴有大量的白烟.为了得到无色无味的氧气,考察了催化剂种类、催化剂用量、添加剂种类、添加剂用量对产物的影响.结果表明:以二氧化锰作催化剂、氯酸钾和二氧化锰的质量比为3:1、碱石灰作添加剂、碱石灰用量为氯酸钾质量的5%时,可以制取到无色无味的氧气.%The oxygen was one kind of colorless and odorless gas.In the middle school chemistry experiment,the oxygen was usually prepared with potassium chlorate,but there was strong pungent odor and white smoke.To order to get colorless and odorless oxygen,the factors affecting such as the kind and dosage of catalyst、 the kind and dosage of additive,were investigated.It was found that the quality ratio of potassium chlorate and manganese dioxide was 1/3、the soda lime amount was 5 percent of the potassium chlorate quality,the soda lime amount as additive and the manganese dioxide as catalyst,the oxygen was colorless and odorless.