5281例围产儿出生缺陷监测结果分析

摘要

目的 降低出生缺陷率,提高人口素质.方法 对2008年10月1日至2010年9月30日于本院分娩的5281例围产儿出生缺陷情况及其相关危险因素进行统计、分析,为开展出生缺陷的预防和干预提供依据.结果 3年来围产儿出生缺陷率平均为16.10‰,呈逐年上升趋势.先天性心脏病以及四肢骨骼肌肉系统缺陷为最常见的出生缺陷,分列1、2位.孕母年龄对围产儿出生缺陷有重要影响,＞35岁组出生缺陷率明显高于其他各年龄组.出生缺陷的性别、产母居住地城乡差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 加强孕前、孕早期预防以及产前诊断,可减少出生缺陷的发生；需进一步加强胎儿心血管系统、四肢等超声产前检查；高龄孕妇孕中期应常规行产前诊断.%Objective To reduce the rate of birth defects and improve the quality of population.Methods Birth defects and its related risk factors were statistically analyzed in 5,281 perinatal infants who had been born in our hospital during the period of October 1,2008 to September 30,2010 so as to provide support for the prevention and intervention of birth defects.Results The rate of birth defects was 16.10 per thousand in the recent three years,with an increasing trend year by year.Congenital heart disease and defects of extremities musculoskeletal system were the most common birth defects,ranking the first and second place.Maternal age had an important impact on birth defects.Pregnant women aged ＞35 had a significantly higher rate of birth defects than those with different ages.No significant differences in sexes and both urban and rural areas were found.Conclusions Intensified prevention before pregnancy and in early pregnancy and strengthened prenatal diagnosis can reduce the incidence of birth defects.Prenatal ultrasonic examination for fetal cardiovascular system and limbs needs to be further strengthened.The women of advanced maternal age should receive routine antenatal diagnosis in the second trimester.