不同类型附着体种植覆盖义齿的临床疗效评价

摘要

Objective To summarize and to evaluate the clinical effect of planting overdentures about the ap-plication of different types of attachments. Methods Twenty-eight cases of edentulous patients were chosen, who used attachments with the types of magnetic, lever cassette, telescopic crown and cap-type, and to evaluate the clinical effect of the attachments. All of the patients were followed up. X-ray and intra-oral examination were per-formed to observe the bone resorption of the implant and the condition of soft tissue. The satisfaction and compli-cation of patients, who used four different types of attachment, was investigated by means of questionnaire. Results All plants were stabilization, except one patient with magnetic attachments. Statistical analysis showed that there were no significant differences in the resorption of bone, gingival index and the evaluation with different types of attachments﹙P>0.05﹚. There were significant differences in total satisfaction of the problems of retention and sta-bility of dentures, masticatory efficiency and comfort(P<0.05﹚. Conclusion All types of attachment with support of plants are stabilization and comfort, masticatory function enhanced and the evaluation of satisfaction improved. It also elevates the edentulous patients’ quality of survival.%　　目的总结与评价应用不同类型附着体的种植覆盖义齿的临床效果。方法对28例无牙颌患者分别采用种植体支持的磁附着体、杆卡式、套筒冠、球帽式覆盖义齿随访及效果进行对比评价。观察随访，定期拍摄X线片及口腔检查，观察种植体骨吸收和软组织状况，并对使用4种类型覆盖义齿的患者进行满意度调查和并发症分析。结果除1例磁附着体覆盖义齿患者发生3枚种植体脱落现象外，其余种植体均稳定。不同类型附着体种植覆盖义齿的骨吸收量、牙龈指数和满意度评价的差异均无统计学意义﹙P＞0.05﹚；患者戴牙前后的义齿总体满意度、义齿固位及稳定情况、咀嚼效率、舒适度方面有明显的改善（P＜0.05﹚。结论各类种植体支持的覆盖义齿稳定舒适，咀嚼功能增强，患者对满意度有较高的评价，提高了无牙颌患者的生存质量。