内外源性应力对间质干细胞成软骨分化的调控

摘要

间质干细胞（MSC）来源的多元性为诱导其成脂向分化、成肌向分化、成骨向分化和成软骨向分化奠定了生物学基础，诱导MSC成软骨向分化受化学刺激和力学刺激等因素的调节。外源性应力和内源性应力是力学刺激的两种基本形式，改变细胞外基质（ECM）硬度、细胞形态、ECM纳米形貌和细胞密度等内源性应力，加载单纯压缩力、压缩力、联合剪切力、牵张力和流体静压力等外源性应力，均对MSC成软骨向分化有不同程度的影响；因此，深入研究内外源性力学刺激调控MSC成软骨分化的效应及机制，对于促进软骨再生和修复，既必要也可行。本文就内外源性应力对MSC成软骨向分化的调控等研究进展作一综述，旨在为后续的研究提供参考。%With advancements in tissue engineering, therapies for osteoarthritis have been developed. Mesenchymal stem cells(MSC) can differentiate into various cell types and be used as an optimum source of cells for tissue engineering to produce an engineered cartilage. However, the efficient and stable stimulation of chondrogenetic differentiation of MSC is a key challenge in cartilage tissue engineering. Further studies have been conducted to investigate mechanical stimulation and to determine the internal and external forces that can stimulate the chondrogenic differentiation of MSC and maintain their phenotypes. This review summarizes the research progress on the effects of internal and external forces on the chondrogenic differentiation of MSC.