低龄儿童龋（ECC）的发生发展不仅仅是某几种特定致龋菌作用的结果，而是与整个口腔微生物群落的变化有关。在健康的生理状况下，口腔微生物群与宿主间保持着一种动态平衡，共同维系宿主的健康；若这种平衡若遭到破坏，口腔内某些健康的微生物将转变成致病微生物，导致龋病、牙周病和黏膜病等口腔感染性疾病。个体与个体之间，同一个体唾液和牙菌斑之间，微生物种群明显不同。无龋儿童的细菌多样性和复杂性高于重症低龄龋（SECC）儿童，而SECC儿童在龋发生前微生物多样性呈下降趋势，即龋病可能与微生物多样性降低相关。ECC儿童在治疗前后，其微生物群落构成会发生明显改变。益生菌可抑制致龋菌的活性，降低患龋率。了解口腔微生物菌群组的结构和组成，建立不同患龋风险儿童的微生物图谱，控制与管理儿童口腔微生态，ECC的防治将会呈现出一片曙光。%Not only several selected bacteria but also oral microbiota are closely related to the initiation and progression of early childhood caries(ECC). Oral microbes and the host are in a dynamic balance in normal physiological conditions; however, this varying balance ultimately determines oral infectious disease. Microbiota varies between individual, plaque, and saliva. The microbial diversity of caries-free children is higher than that of severe ECC(SECC) children, and it decreases before caries appears, that is, the caries may be associated with the decrease of microbial diversity. Microbiota composition of SECC children significantly changes post-therapy. Probiotics can decrease the number of cariogenic bacteria and prevalence rate of caries. Learning more about children’s oral microbiota will provide higher predictability of ECC development and lead to the implementation of targeted early intervention. This review focuses on recent microbiological findings about ECC-associated microbiota.
展开▼
