单核苷酸多态性与慢性牙周炎相关关系的研究进展

摘要

单核苷酸多态性(SNP)是指基因组中特异位点单个核苷酸变异形成的遗传标记,慢性牙周炎是发生在牙周支持组织的一种多因素导致的慢性感染性疾病,二者间存在着密切的相关关系,其研究主要集中于在免疫系统识别、清除细菌和组织破坏过程或代谢机制中发挥作用的细胞因子、细胞膜受体、趋化因子和酶等编码基因的多态性等.本文就白细胞介素、肿瘤坏死因子、Fcγ受体、维生素D受体和基质金属蛋白酶五大基因家族SNP与慢性牙周炎易患性相关关系的研究进展作一综述,从SNP的角度寻求慢性牙周炎易患性诊断的依据.%Single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) is a genetic marker and refers to a variation in a single nucleotide that occurs at a specific location in the genome,chronic periodontitis is a chronic infectious disease of the dental supportive tissue influenced by multiple factors,there is close correlation between them,the study mainly focus on the encoding gene polymorphisms of cytokines,cell membrane receptors,chemokines and enzymes and so forth,which play roles during the immune system recognizing bacteria,eliminating bacteria,tissue destruction progress or metabolic mechanisms.This article reviews the association between the susceptibility to chronic periodontitis and the SNPs of five gene families including interleukin,tumor necrosis factor,Fcγ receptor,Vitamin D receptor and matrix metalloproteinase and to seek for diagnostic basis of chronic periodontitis from a single nucleotide polymorphic perspective.