脑源性神经营养因子与早产儿脑白质损伤中少突胶质细胞的关系

摘要

It is characterized by periventricular white matter injury (PWMI) and the following failure of myelination in the brain injury of premature infants.Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL),the main form of PWMI,is mainly induced by the decrease of premyelinating oligodendrocytes.Therefore,it is critically important for the prognosis of brain injury of premature infants that oligodendrocytes are myelinated.Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is the richest neurotrophic factor in the brain,and widely expressed in the brain.BDNF is connected with the tyrosine receptor kinase B (Trk B).It is convinced that BDNF influences the production and myelination of oligodendrocytes.This review focuses on the advances in the relationship between BDNF and oligodendrocytes in brain injury of premature infants.%早产儿脑损伤以脑室周围白质损伤及其髓鞘化障碍为特征,脑室周围白质损伤主要形式为脑室周围白质软化(periventricular leukolamacia,PVL),且主要是未成熟少突胶质细胞的消耗导致PVL.未成熟少突胶质细胞成熟、成髓鞘过程对于早产儿脑白质损伤的预后有重要影响.脑源性神经营养因子(brain-derived neurotrophic factor,BDNF)是脑中含量最丰富的神经营养因子,在脑中分布广泛.BDNF主要通过与特异性受体酪氨酸激酶B结合起作用,影响少突胶质细胞的发生及成髓鞘过程.该文主要讨论BDNF与早产儿缺氧缺血脑白质损伤中少突胶质细胞关系的研究进展.