气道上皮细胞在支气管哮喘发病中的作用

摘要

Airway epithelial cells,which are the first line of defense against inhaled pathogens and parti-cles,play an important role in initiating airway inflammation,mucous metaplasia and keeping type 2 inflamma-tion in asthma.Mucous metaplasia of airway epithelial cells is one of the important part of airway reconstitution. The mucous overproduction in small airway leads to mucous plug,which is closely related to the high mortality of asthma.Multiple signaling and transcriptional networks influence goblet cell differentiation.These include JAK and the transcription factor STAT6,Notch,EGFR,et al.In this article,the changes of epithelial cells in asthma and its role at the beginning of asthma are described.Furthermore,the progress in airway mucous metaplasia and several related cell signaling pathways were focused on,which may provide some potential target to inhibit the secretion of mucous in asthma.%气道上皮细胞是机体与外界接触的第一道屏障,其在支气管哮喘发病的初始阶段及其后的Th2型炎症反应、气道黏液细胞化生中起到重要的作用.气道黏液细胞化生是气道重塑的重要组成部分,黏液分泌功能亢进可导致气道黏液栓形成,与支气管哮喘患者病死率升高密切相关.JAK/STAT6、EGFR及Notch等多种细胞信号传导通路参与了支气管哮喘气道上皮细胞黏液细胞化生过程.该文从支气管哮喘时气道上皮结构的改变入手,阐述气道上皮细胞在支气管哮喘发病起始阶段所起作用,并重点综述气道黏液细胞化生所涉及的多条细胞信号传导通路所起作用,为开发治疗支气管哮喘药物提供潜在的作用靶点.