Objective To provide reliable diagnostic evidences for urinary system diseases through the dry chemical analysis of urinary protein, quantitative analysis of epithelial cells and Stemheimer-Malbin staining of epithelial cells in urinary sediment. Methods According to self-established "Laboratory fluidogram for differential diagnosis of epithelial cells", epithelial cell and small round cell (SRC) was quantified by UF100automated analyzer. And pathological specimens were sought out quickly combined with the dry chemical analysis of urinary protein. Then the Stemheimer-Malbin staining of urinary sediment and the microscopic observation was performed. Results The concentration of urinary protein was consistent with the positive rate of epithelial cells and SRC. And there was obvious association between the concentration of urinary protein and the quantity of squamous cells, transitional epithelial cells and renal tubule epithelial cells by using phase microscope. And the diagnostic capacity was greatly enhanced when thesethree methods were combinedly applied. Conclusion The detection of different pathologic epithelial cells may provide valuable and objective evidences for clinical diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and therapeutic effect observation in urinary system diseases.%目的 通过对干化学尿蛋白半定量测定、尿上皮细胞定量分析及尿沉渣上皮细胞活体染色的观察,为泌尿系统疾病的诊断提供可靠依据.方法 依据本实验室制定的"上皮细胞实验室鉴别诊断流程图",应用UF-100全自动尿液有形成分分析仪对上皮细胞和小圆上皮细胞(SRC)进行定量分析,结合尿蛋白干化学分析结果,快速筛选出有病理意义的标本,再进行尿沉渣活体细胞染色,在相差显微镜下观察各种上皮细胞形态.结果 不同尿蛋白检测水平的变化与上皮细胞中女性组、男性组和小圆上皮细胞的阳性检出数和检出率(%)的改变是一致的,并且与相差显微镜观察到的中-深层鳞状上皮细胞、底层移行上皮细胞和肾小管上皮细胞计数值的变化有明显的关系.联合应用3种实验方法,提高了尿上皮细胞分析的实验室诊断水平.结论 尿液中各种有病理意义的上皮细胞的检出,为临床诊断、鉴别诊断及疗效观察提供了极有价值的客观检测指标.
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