Objective To study the molecular epidemiology of ESBLs about Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniac in Chizhou.Methods 294 Escherichia coli strains and 178 Klebsiella pneumoniac strains were detected by ATB Expression bacterium analytical system from 2010 to 2012.Method of National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards was performed for screening and ascertainment of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniac with ESBLs.Plasmid of the bacterium with ESBLs was extracted and amplified by polymerase chain reaction.Nucleate electrophoretic analysis was performed for genotyping of ESBLs.Results The percent of ESBLs positive Escherichia coli was 17.3% ,of Klebsiella pneumoniac was 19.7%.Among the Escherichia coli strains, TEM type was 49.0%,SHV type was 37.2% ,CTX-M type was 39.2%.Among the Klebsiella pneumoniac strains, TEM type was 48.6% , SHV type was 25.7% ,CTX-M type was 42.8%.Conclusion The local ESBLs producing strains could have reached a certain proportion.Some strains might carry two or more kinds of resistance genes.Application of antibiotics should be controlled and rationally used at clinical.%目的 研究池州地区分离的大肠埃希菌(E.coli)、肺炎克雷伯菌(K.pn)质粒编码的超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)分子流行病学特征.方法 收集2010年9月至2012年4月期间从临床标本中分离的菌株,采用法国生物梅里埃(Bio-Merieus)全自动细菌分析系统鉴定,大肠埃希菌294株,肺炎克雷伯菌178株,采用美国临床实验室标准化协会(CLSI)规定的ESBLs表型筛选和确证试验,确定该地区ESBLs的发生率,并用质粒提取试剂盒提取ESBLs阳性菌株的质粒DNA,通过特异性引物,聚合酶链反应(PCR)及核酸电泳分析上述菌株所携带的耐药基因并进行基因分型.结果 该地区17.3%的大肠埃希菌和19.7%肺炎克雷伯菌产ESBLs,其中大肠埃希菌耐药质粒编码TEM型、SHV型和CTX-M型基因的百分率分别为49.0%、37.2%、39.2%,肺炎克雷伯菌分别为48.6%、25.7%、42.8%.结论 该地区产ESBLs菌株已经达到一定的比例,并且出现有些菌株同时携带两种或两种以上应的耐药基因,临床上严格控制,合理使用抗菌药物已经刻不容缓.
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