高原短期暴露人群返回低海拔区后神经元特异性烯醇化酶的脱适应改变

摘要

Objective To investigate the changes of neuron-specific enolase (NSE)during adjustment period of people returning to low-altitude areas after short-term exposure to high altitude.Methods Serum NSE concentrations were determined by radioim-munoassay.Fasting blood samples were collected in the 2nd,15th and 30th day from 613 soldiers who returned to low-altitude areas after 116-days of stay at plateau (observation group),and 140 soldiers without that transfusion (control group).Results In obser-vation group,serum NSE levels firstly increased and then decreased.At the 2nd day returning to low-altitude areas,serum NSE concentration in observation group was significantly higher than control group (P<0.05).Serum NSE level of observation group, detected at the 15th day,was statistically higher than levels detected at the 2nd day level of control group (P<0.05).Serum NSE level of observation group,detected at the 30th day,was significantly lower than levels detected at the 2nd and 15th day,as well as that of control group (P<0.05).Tendency of unusual rate of NSE was in accord with changing trend of NSE level.Conclusion Short-term exposure to plateau may could cause changes of serum NSE level,which should be paid for more attention to avoid deadaptation symptoms and related complications.%目的：了解高原短期暴露人群返回低海拔地区后脱适应期神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）的变化。方法对参加高原（海拔3700 m以上）军事任务116 d后返回平原的613名官兵（设为观察组）和未上高原的140名官兵（设为对照组）在返回后的第2天/第15天和第30天分别采取清晨空腹静脉血，采用放射免疫法分析其血清中NSE浓度。结果高原短期暴露人群，血清NSE呈先升高后下降趋势。返回平原后第2天，观察组血清NSE显著高于平原对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）；返回平原后第15天，观察组血清NSE水平显著高于返回后第2天时的NSE浓度和对照组NSE浓度，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）；返回平原后第30天，观察组血清NSE浓度进一步降低。NSE异常率变化趋势与NSE浓度变化趋势相符。结论高原短期暴露人群返回平原初期NSE水平急剧升高，随着时间延长有所降低，需高度关注和加强防护，防止高原脱适应症及相关并发症的发生。