2007～2013年苏州地区住院儿童肺炎支原体感染流行特点

摘要

Objective To investigate status and epidemiological characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection in hospitalized children with respiratory tract infections from 2007 to 2013 in Suzhou region .Methods MP was determined by fluores‐cence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR) in 34 332 sputum specimens of hospitalized children with respiratory tract infec‐tions in the Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University from 2007 to 2013 .Results The total detection rate of MP was 19 .01% in children with respiratory tract infections in Suzhou from 2007 to 2013 .Annual MP infection rates from 2007 to 2013 were 5 .45% ,6 .95% ,14 .06% ,18 .51% ,4 .85% ,25 .94% and 28 .68% respectively ,among which the infection rates of MP in 2012 and 2013 were significantly higher than that in other years (P<0 .05) .The infection rates of MP in female children(21 .01% )was higher than that in male children(17 .81% ) ,there was statistically significant difference(P<0 .05) .The infection rates of MP in children <1 years old ,1- <4 years old ,4- <7 years old and 7-14 years old were 8 .88% ,18 .05% ,35 .28% and 52 .39% respec‐tively ,and significant differences of infection rates of MP were observed among the age groups(P<0 .05) .The infection rates of MP in spring ,summer ,autumn and winter were 15 .96% ,28 .38% ,21 .71% and 11 .01% respectively ,and significant differences of in‐fection rates of MP were observed among the seasons(P<0 .05) .Conclusion MP is one of the most common pathogens responsible for respiratory tract infection in children ,which shows gender ,age and season differences in infection rate .Children aged 7 to 14 years old are susceptible to be infected by MP in summer and autumn ,especially in July and August ,so it is necessary to strengthen the prevention of MP infection .%目的：了解苏州地区2007～2013年呼吸道感染住院儿童肺炎支原体（M P ）感染情况及流行病学特点。方法采集2007～2013年苏州大学附属医院34332例呼吸道感染住院患儿的痰液标本，采用荧光定量聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测痰标本中M P。结果2007～2013年苏州地区呼吸道感染患儿的 M P总感染率为19．01％，年检出率分别为5．45％、6．95％、14．06％、18．51％、4．85％、25．94％、28．68％，其中2012、2013年M P感染率高于其他年度，差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。女性患儿M P感染率（21．01％）高于男性患儿（17．81％），差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。＜1岁、1～＜4岁、4～＜7岁、7～14岁患儿M P感染率分别为8．88％、18．05％、35．28％、52．39％，差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。春季、夏季、秋季、冬季M P感染率分别为15．96％、28．38％、21．71％、11．01％，差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。结论 M P是导致儿童呼吸道感染的常见病原体，其感染具有性别、年龄和季节差异。夏、秋季节，尤其在7、8月，7～14岁儿童为M P感染高危人群，应着重做好M P感染的预防工作。