微柱凝胶技术在新生儿同种免疫性血小板减少症的应用

摘要

Objective To investigate the clinical application of microcolumn gel immunoassay (MGIA ) in neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT ) .Methods The MGIA direct antihuman globulin assay was adopted to detect the neonatal sensitized platelets and the MGIA indirect antihuman globulin assay was adopted to detect the neonatal free platelet antibody .At the same time ,the flow cytometry(FCM ) was taken as the reference method ,3 kinds of method were performed for the detection in 146 cases of neonatal thrombocytopenia .Results The platelet antibody positive rate had no statistically significant difference between the MGIA direct method and the FCM method[31 (21 .2% ) vs .37 (25 .3% ) ,P> 0 .05] ;the platelet antibody positive rate had statisti‐cally significant difference between the MGIA indirect method and the FCM method[18 (12 .3% ) vs .37 (25 .3% ) ,P< 0 .05] .Con‐clusion The MGIA direct antihuman globulin assay is a simple ,fast and practical method with the diagnostic significance to NAIT and conduces to the definite diagnosis of NAIT ,early medication and plasma exchange therapy .%目的：探讨微柱凝胶技术（MGIA）在新生儿同种免疫性血小板减少症（NAIT ）的临床应用。方法采用 MGIA 直接抗人球试验（简称“MGIA 直接法”）对新生儿致敏血小板进行检测，利用 MGIA 间接抗人球试验（简称“MGIA 间接法”）对新生儿游离血小板抗体进行检测，流式细胞仪（FCM ）作为参考方法，采用3种方法对146例新生儿血小板减少的患儿进行检测。结果MGIA 直接法血小板抗体阳性率[31（21．2％）]）和 FCM 血小板抗体阳性率[37（25．3％）]比较差异无统计学意义（P ＞0．05）， MGIA 间接法血小板抗体阳性率[18（12．3％）]和 FCM 血小板抗体阳性率[37（25．3％）]比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论 MGIA 直接法是一种对 NAIT 有诊断意义的简便、快速、实用方法，有助于 NAIT 的确诊和早期用药或换血浆治疗。