长远航海员皮肤共生微生物宏基因组分析

摘要

Objective To investigate the influence of long sea voyage working environment on the symbiotic microorganisms and their relationship with their hosts .Methods The periumbilical microbial sam-ples from the operating workers of long sea voyage before and after operation were collected .Then 16S rRNA V4 section amplification ,sequencing and whole metagenome shotgun high-throughput sequencing were per-formed .Moreover the bacterial community structure ,kinds and microorganism metabolic function change were analyzed .The peripheral blood was collected from the workers of long sea voyage operation and shore-based operation for conducting the blood routine analysis .Results After 105 d ocean sailing ,the diversity of perium-bilical microbial community in the workers with long sea voyage operation decreased and the relative abun-dance of Firmicutes increased ,w hile w hich of Proteobacteria decreased ;w hich of Staphylococcus increased , while which of Corynebacteria decreased ,the differences were statistically significant (P<0 .05) ,the relative a-bundance of pathogenic bacteria or conditional pathogenic bacteria ,especially Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcusaureus aureus ,increased significantly .T he functional gene analysis indicated that the expres-sion of periumbilical microbial infection related genes increased after the long sea voyage operation .Compared with shore-based operation workers ,the proportion of workers with peripheral blood lymphocytes abnormal elevation in the long sea voyage group increased significantly ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05) .Conclusion The periumbilical skin symbiotic microorganisms may reflect the health conditions in the workers with long sea voyage operation .%目的 探讨海上长远航作业环境对作业人员皮肤共生微生物的影响,以及皮肤共生微生物与宿主之间的相互关系.方法 采集长远航作业人员作业前后脐周微生物样本,经16S rRNA V4区段扩增并测序和全宏基因组鸟枪法高通量测序;分析菌群结构、种类和微生物代谢功能改变;采集长远航作业与岸基作业人员外周血,进行血常规分析.结果 海上航行105 d后,长远航作业者脐周微生物群落多样性减小;硬壁菌门相对丰度升高,变形菌门相对丰度降低;葡萄球菌属相对丰度升高,而棒状杆菌属相对丰度降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).特别是表皮葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌等致病菌或条件致病菌相对丰度显著增高.功能基因分析提示,长远航作业后期脐周微生物感染相关基因表达升高.与岸基作业人员相比,长远航作业组外周血淋巴细胞异常升高人员的比例显著增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 脐周皮肤共生微生物可能反映海上长远航作业者的健康状况.