钙钛矿型纳米钛酸铅的制备

摘要

By using anhydrous Pb ( CH3 COO )2 and Ti( OBu )4 as raw materials, nano-sized lead titanate ( PbTiO3 ) powder was prepared by sol - gel process. Structure and characteristics, and morphology of nano-sized PbTiO3 powder were analyzed by means of XRD, grain test, and SEM etc.. At the same time, different factors affecting the sol - gel process were discussed. Results showed that the factors, such as alcohol,hydrolysis temperature,C3H8O3,and heat treatment temperature had obvious influence on sol - gel process,especially ,in which the reaction temperature was the most important factor for the gelation time. Perovskite-type PbTiO3 was formed at heat treatment temperature of 450 ℃. With the increase of heat treatment temperature , the phase composition of PbTiO3 powder was also changed. Highly crystallized,53.7 nm of average grain size,well-distribted nano-sized PbTiO3 powders were obtained by beating dry PbTiO3 gel at 600 ℃ for 2 h.%以无水醋酸铅和钛酸丁酯为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了钙钛矿型纳米钛酸铅(PbTiO3)粉体.利用X射线衍射(XRD)、粒度测试、扫描电镜(SEM)等分析测试手段,对制备的钛酸铅纳米粉体的结构、性质和形貌进行了表征,并讨论了影响溶胶-凝胶过程的诸因素.研究结果表明:无水乙醇、水解温度、丙三醇和热处理温度等因素均对溶胶-凝胶过程有明显的影响,其中反应温度对胶体形成时间的影响最明显.钙钛矿型钛酸铅晶体在450℃时形成,随着热处理温度的升高,粉体的物相组成也将发生变化.钛酸铅干凝胶在600℃热处理2 h后可以得到结晶程度很高、平均粒径为53.7 nm、颗粒大小分布均匀的纳米钛酸铅粉体.