氨解沉淀法白炭黑的研究进展

摘要

氨解沉淀法白炭黑的合成方法是以氨水溶液或液氨等氨化剂为主要原料与磷肥工业产生的含氟硅副产物(如氟硅酸、氟硅酸铵、含氟硅胶、含氟硅渣等)进行氨化沉淀反应合成白炭黑的一种方法.它是近年来随着磷肥工业含氟硅废弃物的产生而形成的一种特殊的沉淀法白炭黑的合成方法.介绍了氨解沉淀法白炭黑的反应原理、研究进展.从反应原理、生产成本、工艺控制、产品质量以及对环境的影响等方面,对氨解沉淀法和传统沉淀法进行了对比,突出了氨解沉淀法的优势.对中国沉淀法白炭黑的发展方向提出了建议.%Synthesis method of ammonolysis precipitated silica was using ammonification agents,such as aqua ammonia or liquid ammonia as main raw material to react with the by-products (such as fluosilicic acid,ammonium fluorosilicate, silica containing gel,and silica containing slag) of phosphate fertilizer industry to produce silica with ammonification precipitation process.It is a special synthesis method of precipitated silica formed with the generation of phosphate fertilizer industry waste containing fluorine and silicon in recent years.Reaction principle and research progress of ammonolysis precipitated silica were introduced.Methods of ammonolysis precipitation and traditional precipitation were compared on the aspects of reaction mechanism,cost of production,process-control,product quality,and environment effects etc.,and prominence was given to the merits of ammonolysis precipitation method. Finally, some suggestions for the development direction of precipitated silica in China were put forward.