HIV耐药检测的临床应用

摘要

检测HIV耐药毒株可采用基因型和表型方法.由于HIV及其准种的高度变异性、抗HIV药物种类及其作用机制的多样性及HIV耐药检测方法的复杂性,目前,熟练运用HIV耐药检测方法并将检测结果整合到临床常规治疗的管理还存在很大问题,制订合理的临床应用指南是耐药检测面临的最大挑战.本文针对常用的2种HIV耐药检测方法,分析解释检测结果使用的方法及存在的问题,介绍国际最新的HIV耐药检测临床使用规范,并提出未来HIV耐药检测及临床应用应关注和解决的问题.%Genotype and phenotype testing can be used for HIV drug resistance testing. Because of the high diversity of HIV and its quasispecies, the variety of antiretroviral drugs and its mechanism and the complexity of HIV drug resistance testing, skillful use of the drug resistance testing and integration of the testing results into clinical management remains a big problem, and working out the rational clinical application guideline is a rigorous challenge for HIV drug resistance testing. In this paper, the author interprets and analyzes the results of genotype and phenotype testing and the exsiting problems, introduces the updated international clinical specifications of HIV drug resistance testing, and puts forward the problems to be focused on and be resolved in the future in the field of HIV drug resistance testing and its clinical application.