楼梯间障碍物对安全疏散的影响研究

摘要

楼梯间存放的障碍物与人员安全疏散密切相关，利用仿真软件Pathfinder进行疏散模拟，研究楼梯间障碍物对疏散总时间和各出口流量的影响，以及人员路径选择的变化。结果表明，障碍物的存在对安全疏散产生较大的消极影响，使存在障碍物的楼梯间人流量减小，疏散时间延长；影响人员对疏散路径的选择，使其他楼梯间疏散人数增加和疏散时间延长；障碍物位置处易形成疏散瓶颈，造成严重拥堵。%Obstacles in staircase are closely relative to personnel safety evacuation .In this paper ,software Pathfinder is ap-plied to stimulate the evacuation and research the effects of obstacles in staircase on the evacuation time and outlet flow rates ,as well as the change of personnel path choice .The result shows:obstacles in staircase have great negative influences on safety evacuation ,which reduces personnel flow rate of staircase and prolongs evacuation time;it influences personnel path choice ,making the number of evacuation personnel of other staircases increased and also the evacuation time pro-longed;also the evacuation bottleneck can be easily formed in the obstacle position and so the severe congestion has been brought about .