中国制造业集聚的实证研究：基于企业规模异质性视角

摘要

本文基于中国制造业集聚的数据,从企业规模异质性视角出发,检验中国制造业集聚经济效应。首先考察影响制造业集聚的一般因素,然后重点考察了企业规模因素对集聚经济的影响机制。研究发现：除了运输成本优势、劳动力成本等影响制造业集聚的一般因素之外,企业规模异质性也对集聚经济效应产生影响。最后通过构造隐含企业规模因素的集聚经济新变量,对企业规模异质的集聚经济效应进行检验。本文的研究发现,小型企业的专业化经济和竞争效应大于大中型企业。这一结论不仅反映了不同规模企业对制造业集聚影响的差异,也说明了小型企业对制造业集聚的重要性。%This paper examines the effects of the industrial organization characteristics of heterogeneity of firm size on agglomeration economies using the industrial data.Estimation results totally show that specialization economy of industries and the competitive effect are the main causes of the agglomeration of manufacturing industries.Moreover,regressions of different groups of the firms scale show that there are various external economies in size of the firms.Specialization economy is very significant in the small scale firms,and diversified economy is distinctive in the medium and large-sized firms.Regressions by the factor density show that agglomeration economies of the small-sized enterprises vary in the different factor density industries,but the difference between the large enterprises is not significant.