近现代美国高等院校校园空间组织模式演变

摘要

This paper analyzes the campus planning theories and methods applied in American higher education institutions during the past 400 years,to acquire a deep understanding on the impacts of mainstream urban planning and architecture theories on campus spatial organization in different eras with city beautiful movement,modern architectural style and urban design.Environmental,political,economic,social,cultural characteristics,together with urban planners,architectures,landscape architectures' planning philosophy,also with the development of higher education policy and philosophy play an important role in campus planning and construction.%该文通过美国若干著名大学空间形态分析,梳理几百年来,美国不同历史时期主流规划、建筑理论以及具有代表性的规划师、建筑师、景观建筑师等主张的建筑规划理论,包括城市美化运动、现代主义建筑风格、城市设计等,对校园规划,校园空间组织模式的影响.此外,探讨其独特的地域环境,不同时期的政治、经济、社会、文化背景,特别是高等教育政策与理念的发展在大学校园规划与空间结构演变中发挥的重要作用.