欧洲宗教改革时期的摩拉维亚公社

摘要

During European Reformation period,the Hutterites,one of the Anabaptist groups,set up many communities in Mora-via. These communities abolished private property and implemented community of goods. They worked and lived together and a-chieved great success to some extent. For nearly one century,the Hutterites lived in Moravia and was a part of the radical Reforma-tion. It mainly consisted of peasants and craftsmen who were from lower classes. These people claimed to build a more equal and righteous society. Compared with Germany Peasants’ War and Münster Uprising,the Hutterites insisted on building the communities in peace and opposed the use of force. It showed a different type of resistance struggle employed by the radical reformers.%欧洲宗教改革时期，再洗礼派的胡特尔兄弟会在摩拉维亚地区建立了许多公社。这些公社取消私人财产，实行财产共有，同时采取集体生产、集体生活的方式，取得一定程度的成功，在摩拉维亚地区持续存在了将近一个世纪。摩拉维亚公社属于激进改革的一部分，体现出农民和工匠为主体的下层民众要求建立一个平等、公正的理想社会的愿望。和德国农民战争、明斯特起义等激进改革相比较，胡特尔兄弟会坚持不使用武力，通过和平方式建设摩拉维亚公社的实践，提供了激进改革派反抗斗争的另一种类型。